Computer Fundamentals MCQ Questions and Answers - Part 1
50 Computer Basics MCQs with Detailed Explanations | CCC, Banking, SSC Exam Preparation
1Who is known as the 'Father of Computers'?
Answer: A
Charles Babbage is credited as the Father of Computers for his pioneering work on mechanical computers.
2Which was the first electronic general-purpose computer?
Answer: B
ENIAC weighed 30 tons and occupied 1800 square feet, using vacuum tubes for processing.
3What does CPU stand for?
Answer: C
The CPU executes instructions from computer programs and performs basic arithmetic, logic, and input/output operations.
4Which generation of computers used vacuum tubes?
Answer: B
Vacuum tubes were large, generated significant heat, and were less reliable than later technologies.
5What is the full form of RAM?
Answer: D
RAM allows data to be read or written in almost the same amount of time regardless of the physical location of data inside the memory.
6Which of these is an input device?
Answer: C
Input devices send data to the computer, while output devices display or produce results from the computer.
7What does ROM stand for?
Answer: D
ROM retains its contents even when the computer is turned off and typically contains firmware or boot instructions.
8Which company developed the first microprocessor?
Answer: B
The Intel 4004 had 2300 transistors and could perform 60,000 operations per second.
9What is the binary equivalent of decimal number 10?
Answer: D
Binary system uses only two digits: 0 and 1, representing OFF and ON states in digital circuits.
10Which of these is a volatile memory?
Answer: D
Volatile memory requires constant power to maintain stored information, while non-volatile memory retains data without power.
11What is the smallest unit of data in computing?
Answer: B
8 bits make 1 byte, 4 bits make 1 nibble, and multiple bytes make a word depending on the system architecture.
12Which device is known as the brain of the computer?
Answer: C
The CPU interprets and executes most commands from the computer's hardware and software.
13Which of these is NOT an output device?
Answer: A
Output devices display or produce results, while input devices send data to the computer.
14What does ALU stand for in computer architecture?
Answer: A
The ALU is a fundamental building block of the CPU that handles arithmetic and bitwise logical operations.
15Which generation of computers used transistors?
Answer: C
Transistors were smaller, faster, more reliable, and consumed less power than vacuum tubes.
16What is the full form of BIOS?
Answer: A
BIOS is firmware used to perform hardware initialization during booting process.
17Which of these is a programming language?
Answer: C
Programming languages are used to write computer programs, while others are operating systems.
18What does URL stand for?
Answer: A
A URL specifies the location of a resource on the internet and the protocol used to access it.
19Which component stores data permanently?
Answer: C
Hard disks use magnetic storage to store data permanently, unlike RAM which is temporary.
20What is the function of an operating system?
Answer: A
OS acts as an interface between users and computer hardware, managing memory, processes, and files.
21Which of these is an example of system software?
Answer: B
System software includes operating systems, device drivers, and utilities that help run the computer.
22What is the purpose of a compiler?
Answer: B
Compilers convert source code written in programming languages into executable machine code.
23Which device converts digital signals to analog and vice versa?
Answer: C
Modems enable computers to transmit data over telephone or cable lines by converting between digital and analog signals.
24What does HTTP stand for?
Answer: A
HTTP is the foundation of data communication for the World Wide Web.
25Which of these is a high-level programming language?
Answer: C
High-level languages are closer to human languages, while low-level languages are closer to machine code.
26What is the main function of RAM?
Answer: B
RAM allows the CPU to quickly access data and instructions needed for current operations.
27Which company developed the Windows operating system?
Answer: C
Windows was first released in 1985 and has become the most popular desktop operating system.
28What is a file extension .exe used for?
Answer: C
EXE files contain machine code that can be directly executed by the operating system.
29Which of these is a web browser?
Answer: C
Web browsers interpret HTML and display web pages, allowing users to navigate the internet.
30What does IP address stand for?
Answer: A
IP addresses identify devices on a network and enable communication between them.
31Which of these is an example of application software?
Answer: C
Application software is designed for end-users to perform specific tasks, unlike system software.
32What is the function of CU in CPU?
Answer: C
The Control Unit directs the operation of the processor and coordinates between different components.
33What is the purpose of an operating system?
Answer: B
OS manages memory, processes, files, and peripheral devices.
34Which of these is a storage device?
Answer: C
Storage devices retain data even when power is turned off.
35What does LAN stand for?
Answer: B
LANs are typically used in homes, offices, or buildings.
36Which programming language is known for web development?
Answer: C
JavaScript makes web pages interactive and dynamic.
37What is the function of a compiler?
Answer: B
Compiled programs generally run faster than interpreted ones.
38Which device is used to connect multiple computers in a network?
Answer: C
Routers are essential for internet connectivity and local networking.
39What is the full form of PDF?
Answer: B
PDF files preserve formatting across different devices and platforms.
40Which of these is an example of system software?
Answer: B
System software includes operating systems, device drivers, and utilities.
41What does USB stand for?
Answer: A
USB ports allow connection of devices like keyboards, mice, and flash drives.
42Which generation of computers used integrated circuits?
Answer: C
Integrated circuits allowed for smaller, faster, and more reliable computers.
43What is the function of a firewall?
Answer: B
Firewalls act as a barrier between trusted internal networks and untrusted external networks.
44Which of these is a high-level programming language?
Answer: C
High-level languages are closer to human language than machine language.
45What is the purpose of RAM in a computer?
Answer: B
More RAM allows more programs to run simultaneously without slowing down the computer.
46Which company developed the Linux operating system?
Answer: D
Linux is open-source and widely used in servers and embedded systems.
47What does HTML stand for?
Answer: B
HTML provides the structure and content of web pages.
48Which of these is an input device?
Answer: D
Input devices send data to the computer, output devices receive data from the computer.
49What is the binary number system based on?
Answer: C
Computers use binary because digital circuits have two stable states (ON/OFF).
50Which component is responsible for displaying output?
Answer: C
Monitors can be LCD, LED, or CRT types with different resolutions and sizes.
